No.06
So business schools have been struggling with this gender grade gap. You get these equally qualified women and men coming in and then you get these differences in grades, and it seems to be partly attributable to participation. So I started to wonder, you know, okay, so you have these people coming in like this, and they’re participating. Is it possible that we could get people to fake it and would it lead them to participate more?
So my main collaborator Dana Carney, who’s at Berkeley, and I really wanted to know, can you fake it till you make it? Like, can you do this just for a little while and actually experience a behavioral outcome that makes you seem more powerful? So we know that our nonverbals govern how other people think and feel about us. There’s a lot of evidence. But our question really was, do our nonverbals govern how we think and feel about ourselves?
There’s some evidence that they do. So, for example, we smile when we feel happy, but also, when we’re forced to smile by holding a pen in our teeth like this, it makes us feel happy. So it goes both ways. When it comes to power, it also goes both ways. So when you feel powerful, you’re more likely to do this, but it’s also possible that when you pretend to be powerful, you are more likely to actually feel powerful.
ボキャブラリー
So business schools have been struggling with this gender grade gap. You get these equally qualified women and men coming in and then you get these differences in grades, and it seems to be partly attributable to participation. So I started to wonder, you know, okay, so you have these people coming in like this, and they’re participating. Is it possible that we could get people to fake it and would it lead them to participate more?
So my main collaborator Dana Carney, who’s at Berkeley, and I really wanted to know, can you fake it till you make it? Like, can you do this just for a little while and actually experience a behavioral outcome that makes you seem more powerful? So we know that our nonverbals govern how other people think and feel about us. There’s a lot of evidence. But our question really was, do our nonverbals govern how we think and feel about ourselves?
There’s some evidence that they do. So, for example, we smile when we feel happy, but also, when we’re forced to smile by holding a pen in our teeth like this, it makes us feel happy. So it goes both ways. When it comes to power, it also goes both ways. So when you feel powerful, you’re more likely to do this, but it’s also possible that when you pretend to be powerful, you are more likely to actually feel powerful.
business school：〈米〉ビジネススクール、経営学大学院【略】BS
struggle with ~: 〜と闘う、格闘する、もみ合う
grade : n. 成績、評点、評価
gap：n. 隔たり、不一致、不均衡
gender grade gap: 男女間の成績のギャップ
equally：adv. 同じように、同様に、等しく、公平に
qualified : a. 資格要件を満たした、資質のある、能力のある、適任の
partly：adv. 一部分は、ある程度は、少しは、いくぶん
attributable to ~：〜のせいと考えられる、〜に起因する
wonder：vi. 知りたいと思う、疑問に思う
fake：vt. 〜のふりをする、装う
lead A to ~：Aを〜する気にさせる、Aに〜させる
collaborator：n.協力者、共著者、共同作成[研究]者
Dana Carney：デーナ・カーニー（カリフォルニア大学バークレー校の准教授）
make：vt. 〜の状態を作り出す、〜になる
behavioral：a. 行動の、行動に関する
outcome：n. 結果、成果、業績、所産
govern：vt. 〜に影響を与える、〜を左右する
evidence：n. 証拠、形跡
force to ~：無理矢理〜させる、〜することを強いる
（ここでは受け身でbe forced to ~「無理に〜させられる」の形になっている）
hold a pen in our teeth：ペンを歯にくわえる
it goes both ways：どちらの方向にも行く（「幸せ→笑う、笑う→幸せ」の両方向）
pretend to ~：〜のふりをする
解説
デーナ・カーニーとの共同研究はこちら→ “Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance”